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The characterization of soil aggregate stability is an important step for assessing the susceptibility of soil to water erosion. A normalized international method has recently been proposed for estimating soil aggregate stability indexes (ISO/FDIS 10930, 2012), but extensive measurements of the soil aggregate stability for mapping erosion risks on the regional scale remain a fastidious enterprise...
Large amounts of organic matter of marine origin are seasonally deposited on ice-free soils by birds and mammals, especially penguins, in some restricted Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems. The incorporation of this material into the mineral soil matrix becomes the main pathway for the widespread formation of phosphate minerals and ornithogenic soils, enhancing local biodiversity and complexity. These...
In Soil Taxonomy three diagnostic subsurface horizons reflect clay enrichment: the argillic, kandic, and natric horizons. Clay illuviation is recognized in Soil Taxonomy at some level in 10 of the 12 orders, including the order (Alfisols, Ultisols), suborder (Aridisols), great group (Aridisols, Gelisols, Mollisols, Oxisols, Vertisols), and subgroup (Andisols, Aridisols, Inceptisols, Mollisols, Oxisols,...
Soil spatial variability is scale dependent. In separating soil spatial variability at multiple scales, wavelet based multi-resolution analysis (MRA) is an established method, whereas empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has just been introduced in soil science. A careful comparison between these methods is necessary and is the goal of this research. Here a brief description of the methods is provided...
The effects of particle size and soil moisture on water repellency (WR) from hydrophobized sand are studied in this research. Quartz sand samples were separated into three sieve fractions: 0.5–2mm (coarse sand, CS), 0.25–0.5mm (medium sand, MS), and 0.05–0.25mm (fine sand, FS). WR of sand was induced using different concentrations of stearic acid (SA; 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30gkg −1 ). Moist...
It is important to understand how and where pollution and other anthropogenic processes compromise the ability of urban soil to serve as a component of the natural infrastructure. An extensive survey of the topsoil of the Greater London Area (GLA) in the United Kingdom has recently been completed by a non-probability systematic sampling scheme. We studied data on lead content from this survey. We...
Northern peatlands (those located in boreal and subarctic regions) are important components of global soil organic carbon (C) stock. Moreover, they are located in regions witnessing rapid changes in climate and becoming intensely scrutinized for industrial development and alternative energy generation. However, peat C stock is highly variable and little is known about its variability especially among...
Understanding the spatial and temporal variations in toposequential methane (CH 4 ) emission is essential for assessing and mitigating CH 4 emission from rice cascades in mountainous watersheds. To assess the toposequential variation in CH 4 emission among different field positions, two cascades of double-cropping paddy rice fields were investigated in Yen Chau district, Northwest...
In this paper, we introduce a new method for sequential extraction of different silicon (Si) fractions from soils. The method has been developed based on several series of extraction experiments on well-characterized isolated soil compounds and selected soil samples. Results and implications of these test series are presented, and reasons for the choice of methods for the single steps of the sequential...
Irrigation water quality can affect the composition and properties of soil organic matter (SOM). This study used a direct analysis of bulk soil samples with transmission Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to assess the possible SOM compositional changes induced by irrigation water quality in different soil types. Soils were sampled in Israeli fields irrigated over 5 to 12years with freshwater...
The conversion of native vegetation (NV) into agricultural land by clearing and tillage disrupts the soil structure, and depletes soil organic carbon (SOC) pool. The data on changes in SOC pools are needed to enhance scientific knowledge regarding the effects of land use and no-till (NT) systems on soil fertility, agronomic productivity, and soil C sink capacity. Thus, the objective of this study...
Previous studies have demonstrated that Visible Near InfraRed (Vis–NIR) hyperspectral imagery is a cost-efficient way to map soil properties at fine resolutions (~5m) over large areas. However, such mapping is only feasible for the soil surface because the effective penetration depths of optical sensors do not exceed several millimeters. This study aims to determine how Vis–NIR hyperspectral imagery...
This paper presents a method for determining near surface soil characteristics using multi-layer soil resistivity model. Usual soil resistivity model has its limitations in obtaining accurate soil characteristics because of the interrelationships between soil apparent electrical resistivity (ρ) and other soil physical or chemical properties. For most soils with varying layers, multi-layer resistivity...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks are controlled by factors with varying degrees of importance at different spatial scales. In this study, soil data were collected from recently sampled pedons and previous studies on volcanic origin soils in Yangmingshan (YMS) National Park in northern Taiwan. This study evaluated the effect of soil order, vegetation type and elevation on the SOC stocks of humid subtropical...
Tree species influence organic matter sequestration in forest soil. We explored the pattern of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic nitrogen (SON) sequestration in two 40-year-old, adjacent forest stands, one with Black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) and one with Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). We compared the patterns of annual carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) sequestration in the organic and mineral...
Soil aggregate stability influences several aspects of soil physical behavior, such as water infiltration and soil erosion (Amézketa, 1999). We investigated the soil aggregate stability characteristics in the framework of the ‘Grain for Green’ vegetation rehabilitation project at the Loess Plateau (China) by using the Le Bissonnais (1996) and the modified Yoder (1936) methods. Both non-grazed grassland...
Addition of organic residues and their composts to enhance soil fertility results in organic N mineralization and transformations that may have profound effects on chemical processes. Our hypothesis is that carbonate precipitation and dissolution reactions are driven by proton consumption and release by organic N mineralization and nitrification. In the present study we evaluated the role of N-rich...
After a wildfire the soil is covered by ash. Ash properties depend on vegetation type, amount of fuel and fire intensity. The ash layer controls the post-fire soil hydrologic response, but little is known about the effect of ash thickness and ash type on infiltration, which is relevant for post-fire runoff and soil losses and for ecosystems rehabilitation and restoration. This paper analyses the role...
Improving soil physical properties by means of biochar application has been proposed in recent publications. The objective of this study was to investigate to what extent the addition of corn stover (CS) and biochars produced from the pyrolysis of corn stover feedstock (CS) at 350 and 550°C temperatures (CS-350, CS-550) affected aggregate stability, volumetric water content (θ V ), bulk density,...
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